癌症死亡率持续下降
2007-11-05 15:35:30 文字大小：【大】【中】【小】October 17, 2007 (Reuters Health) - –
Last Updated: 2007-10-15 9:35:44 -0400 (Reuters Health)
By Maggie Fox
WASHINGTON (Reuters) - Death rates from cancer continue to fall in the United States, dropping more than 2 percent per year from 2002 through 2004, cancer experts reported on Monday.
华盛顿 （路透社）癌症专家在周一（2007年10月15日）的报告中指出，美国癌症的死亡率持续下降。从2002年到2004年，死亡率每年下降2%以上。
They found important declines in deaths from lung, prostate（前列腺） and colorectal（结直肠） cancers in men, as well as in breast and colon（结肠） cancer among women. Lung cancer deaths were still on the rise among women but this increase slowed, according to the report.
他们发现，男性的肺癌、前列腺癌、结直肠癌死亡率，女性的乳腺癌、结肠癌死亡率都有大幅度下降。报告显示女性肺癌死亡率仍在上升，但上升速度正在减缓。
"The significant decline in cancer death rates demonstrates important progress in the fight against cancer that has been achieved through effective tobacco control, screening, early detection, and appropriate treatment," U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Director Dr. Julie Gerberding said in a statement.
美国疾病预防与控制中心的主任朱莉•格尔贝丁博士表示癌症死亡率标的大幅下降表明，通过有效的烟草控制，肿瘤筛查，早期发现和合理治疗抗癌取得重大进展。
The annual decline in cancer death rates from 2002 to 2004 was nearly twice the decrease of 1.1 percent per year from 1993 through 2002.
从2002年到2004年，癌症的死亡率每年下降百分点将近是1993年到2002年的两倍。从1993年到2002年，死亡率每年下降1.1%。
"The evidence is unmistakable: we are truly turning the tide in the cancer battle," said John Seffrin, executive officer of the American Cancer Society. "The gains could be even greater if everyone in the U.S. had access to essential health care, including primary care and prevention services."
“证据是毋庸置疑的：我们确实在与癌症的斗争中扭转了局势，”美国癌症协会执行官约翰•塞弗林说，“如果每位美国人能够得到基本卫生保健，包括初级医疗和预防服务，这个进步将会更大。”
An estimated 1.4 million Americans will be diagnosed with cancer this year, according to the American Cancer Society, and 560,000 will die of it.
美国癌症协会称，今年估计有一百四十万美国人被诊断患有癌症，因癌症而死亡的人数将达到五十六万人。
The study was conducted by the National Cancer Institute, the CDC, the American Cancer Society and the North American Association of Central Cancer Registries.
这项研究是由国家癌症研究中心，疾病预防和控制中心，美国癌症协会和北美癌症登记协会主持开展的。
The report finds the incidence of female breast cancer dropped substantially from 2001 through 2004. "This drop is possibly related to declining use of hormone replacement therapy as well as the recently reported decline in use of screening mammography," the groups said in a joint statement.
报告发现，2001年至2004年，女性乳腺癌的发病率明显下降。工作组在联合声明中指出“这个下降可能与激素替代疗法应用的减少，以及最近报告声称的乳房X射线筛检的减少有关”。
That may mean actual numbers are down, because hormone replacement therapy can cause breast cancer -- but if women are not getting mammograms, it may mean they have breast cancer but are not being diagnosed. Experts have said it is not yet possible to tell which factor has the bigger effect.
女性乳腺癌发病率的下降可能表明患病的实际人数下降了，因为激素替代疗法可能导致乳腺癌。如果不进行乳房X射线检查，这可能意味着一些女性患了乳腺癌，但是没有被诊断出来。专家曾说过目前尚不可能断定哪个因素所起的作用更大。
COLON CANCER DOWN
结肠癌发病率下降
"Colorectal cancer incidence rates decreased by more than 2 percent per year for men and women, likely due to prevention through the removal of precancerous polyps," the statement said. These polyps are removed during colonoscopies, which are recommended for everyone over the age of 50.
声明中指出“男性和女性的结直肠癌发病率每年下降两个百分点以上，这可能和通过切除癌前息肉进行预防有关”。这些息肉在结肠镜检查时被切除了，这种方法适合所有五十岁以上的患者。
Drops in the lung cancer rate can be directly linked to reduced tobacco use -- rates are still going up among women, who began smoking in large numbers long after men did, but also began to kick the habit later.
肺癌发病率下降可能与烟草使用的减少直接相关——女性发病率仍在上升，较多的女性晚于男性开始吸烟，但也比较晚戒烟。
"The long-term federal investment in cancer research is paying off," said Dr. Nancy Davidson, president of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.
“联邦对癌症研究的长期投入是成功的，”美国临床肿瘤学会主席南希•戴维森博士说。
"But this impressive pace of progress will slow if we don't recommit to funding cancer research. Adjusted for inflation, cancer research funding has actually declined 12 percent since 2004 -- this has never happened in our nation's history," Davidson added in a statement.
“如果我们不重新提出癌症研究资助的问题，这种惊人的进展速度将减缓。考虑到通货膨胀，从2004年开始，对癌症研究的资助事实上下降了12%——这在我们国家的历史上是从来没有发生过的。” 戴维森在声明中补充到。
"Without additional funding, the chance to build on the extraordinary progress to date, and provide new treatments for 1.4 million Americans diagnosed with cancer every year, will be delayed or lost."
“没有进一步的资助，利用迄今所取得的显著进展以及每年为美国新诊断的一百四十万癌症患者提供新治疗的机会，将被推迟乃至失去。”
The American Society of Clinical Oncology has asked for a nearly 7 percent increase in the National Institutes of Health budget.
美国临床肿瘤学协会已经向美国国家卫生研究院申请近7%的预算增长。
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